End the Wolf Hunt – Save the Wolves

Molly Kinney Composition 1 Mary Burmaster November 11 2012 Saving the Gray Wolves and people have been existing together for many years. Before Europeans vanquished our tremendous nation, wolves held an exceptionally regarded place in Native American culture, as they were imperative to woods biological systems, and were frequently accepted to be profound creatures in numerous clans (kidsplanet 1). As much as they were regarded in innate societies, others dreaded them.Children’s tales regularly depicted them as â€Å"the huge awful wolf† in stories, for example, Little Red Riding hood and The Three Little Pigs (kidsplanet 1). Pioneers saw two-timers since they were a kind of rivalry, lessening stock and wild game numbers (kidsplanet 1). Indeed, even into the twentieth century, the conviction that wolves were as yet a danger to human security proceeded notwithstanding documentation despite what might be expected, and by the 1970s, the lower forty eight states had wolf pop ulaces under three percent of their recorded range, around 500 to 1,000 wolves (kidsplanet 1).In a book composed by Bruce Hampton called The Great American Wolf, he states, â€Å"In the range of 300 years across the country, yet just seventy years in the West, trackers in the United States had figured out how to murder off the wild prey of dim wolves; pilgrims, ranchers, and farmers had involved the vast majority of the wolves' previous living space; wolfers had harmed them; abundance trackers had dynamited their lairs and sought after them with pooches, traps, and more toxic substance; lastly, the administration had stepped in and, basically at the animals business' command, actually polished them off.  Fortunately, around this time in the 70’s, American’s were beginning to turn out to be substantially more mindful of their effect on the earth and the untamed life. The Endangered Species Act was made in 1973, and the Gray Wolf was put on the rundown in 1974. After very nearly 35 years of rebuilding endeavors and preservation work, the Gray Wolf has at long last been removed the jeopardized species list in Minnesota, with around 1,700 hundred posers (kidsplanet 1). Not exactly a year later, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MN DNR) passed a law permitting a specific number of wolves to be pursued beginning November 3, 2012 (kidsplanet 1).In the month and a large portion of the period has been open, around 150 Gray wolves have been killed (dnr. state. mn). Dim wolves are a fundamental piece of our environments and maybe in the long run dim wolves will by and by flourish all around ok that chasing them won't bring about more clash, however it is too early to begin the chase once more. Trackers ought not be permitted to chase dim scalawags, they have not had sufficient opportunity to recharge their populace and wolves are not a danger to human wellbeing at all.Normally when a creature is removed the jeopardized species show, it is a llowed a five-year effortlessness period to attempt to recover its spot back in the biological system before proclaiming a chasing season is even an idea in the psyches of DNR chiefs (Horon 1). Since it took near 40 years for the Gray wolf to be removed the rundown, it appears to be sensible to give the creature a significantly longer period to recoup, to guarantee that the creature doesn't get put on the rundown ever again.Though one chase probably won't murder off all the wolves, if chasing proceeds with consistently, there could be not kidding harm indeed to the wolf populace, as said in an article from a Wisconsin news site, madison. com. â€Å"One chase won't set wolves†¦ back on the rundown yet inquire about clues at conceivable longer-term damage to the wolf populace and even an expansion in wolves murdering animals, analysts say† (Seely 1). In any case, the Minnesota DNR decided that short of what one year was an adequate measure of time for the wolves to repopul ate, and opened a wolf-chasing season on November third, 2012.Before pilgrims came to North America, in excess of 250,000 wolves meandered the unfamiliar domain that is currently the United States (Cosmos magazine). With each time of resident development in the New World, Wolf populace diminished. As the U. S. developed and turned out to be progressively populated, pilgrims essentially made vocations out of wolf chasing. In the nineteenth century, the pelts were in such popularity that nearly everybody tried to execute however many wolves as could be allowed (kidsplanet 1). Individuals moving west purchased several sections of land of land to raise their stock on, and murdered each wolf that came near.Research from1974 indicated that there were just around 500 Gray wolves living in the whole United States (kidsplanet 1). In endeavors to re-develop the wolf populace, traditionalists brought wolves into assurance. Being secured by the Endangered Species Act has helped the Gray Wolf a ton. In the Great Lakes, wolves have developed in populace and extended their range from Minnesota to Northern Michigan and Wisconsin (Meador 1). In spite of the fact that there have been tremendous gains for the wolves, populace recuperation is a long way from over.Only 5,000 to 6,000 wolves possess a negligible five percent of the animals’ verifiable range all through Minnesota and the remainder of the United States (Meador 1). Recharging wolf populaces all through the states would secure the fate of wolves and permit them to assume their significant job in the backwoods condition in more noteworthy satisfaction of their previous range. One more motivation behind why wolves ought not be pursued is on the grounds that they represent no real danger to people or domesticated animals. Wolves can slaughter creatures a lot bigger than people and ought to be treated with respect.Contrary to the conviction that wolves are horrible and forceful towards people, there have just been two revealed passings by wolf assault since 1900, one of which is intensely contested (OregonWild 1). Besides, wolves are entrepreneurs, and some of the time eat animals. Be that as it may, they have a generally little effect on the animals business all in all (OregonWild 1). Unsteady meat costs, illness, fuel and land costs, climate, hounds, and even human hoodlums present bigger dangers to the market. (OregonWild 1). It is just false when individuals for the wolf chase say that wolves are hindering to the industry.The United States domesticated animals industry has been in a moderate decay, going before wolf recuperation by numerous decades; However, an investigation done in a region of Oregon with a high wolf populace demonstrated that from 2009 to 2011, while the wolf populace developed from 500 to 1400, income in the domesticated animals industry bounced right around 50% to nearly $27 million of every an area with scarcely 7,000 residents (OregonWild). In spite of the fact tha t wolves were not the reason for the enormous increment, plainly their effect in the business is little (OregonWild).Like shark assaults, when wolves unleash ruin, it can make for upsetting photographs and bleak stories, thus the danger of wolves to domesticated animals is ordinarily amplified (OregonWild 1). Research done in territories of high wolf populaces has really indicated that having wolves around may really diminish animals misfortune by holding littler predators like coyotes under tight restraints (OregonWild 1). Obviously, there are numerous individuals who accept that a Wolf chase is totally adequate under current conditions. Numerous supporters accept that if experts are not effectively watching wolf populace, it will expand far and away too quickly (Robb 1).In an article from petersenhunting. com, Bob Robb, a chasing section author, says, â€Å"This is particularly evident in regions where there are bunches of creatures for them to eat †like the Yellowstone biol ogical system. Since wolf numbers surpassed focused on reintroduction populace objectives in the Yellowstone biological system more quickly than anticipated, the creature was expelled from the Endangered Species List and a game chasing season on wolves was organized in 2009† (Robb 1). Research shows that wolf packs not saw by scientists do duplicate more (petersenhunting 1).Minnesotans ought not be permitted to chase wolves since they have just been off the jeopardized species list for a year so their populaces are not at the best numbers, and insights from states where wolf chasing is illicit show that they may really help the domesticated animals industry and are not a danger by any stretch of the imagination. Recently, specialists at Yellowstone National Park were disheartened when the Alpha Female, called 832F by researchers and â€Å"Rockstar† by guests, was discovered dead outside park limits on December sixth.Seven different wolves were discovered dead with her, all slaughtered by trackers (EarthIslandJournal 1). After environmentalist’s work getting the Gray Wolf on the rundown at long last paid off, they had seeks after the wolves to indeed flourish some time or another in their regular natural surroundings. This will never occur in the event that we begin decreasing wolf populaces, right when they are at the stature of reclamation progress. Works Cited â€Å"DNR-What Happened in secret? †Ã‚ Howling for Wolves Minnesota. N. p. , 13July 2012. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. ;http://www. owlingforwolves. organization/news/dnr-what-happened-in secret;. â€Å"COSMOS Magazine. †Ã‚ Grey Wolf Withdrawn from Endangered List. N. p. , 05 May 2010. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. <http://www. cosmosmagazine. com/news/2729/dim wolf-pulled back us-jeopardized list? page=0,009>. Greder, Andy. â€Å"Minnesota Wolf Hunt: About 150 Wolves Killed Statewide’’. â€Å"TwinCities. com. N. p. , 18 Nov. 2012. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. Horon, Sonia. â⠂¬Å"The Gray:? A Bad Fairy Tale About Wolves. †Ã‚ Globalanimal. com. Worldwide Animal Website, 27 Jan. 2012. Web. 10 Dec. 012. Meador, Ron. â€Å"Save the Gray Wolf. †Ã‚ Causes. Minnpost, n. d. Web. 19 Sept. 2012. ;http://www. causes. com/causes/75833-spare the-dim wolf;. Motsinger, John. â€Å"Wolf Weekly Wrap-up | Defenders of Wildlife Blog. †Ã‚ Wolf Weekly Wrap-up | Defenders of Wildlife Blog. N. p. , 7 Dec. 2012. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Oregon Wild. †Ã‚ Wolves-Misunderstood. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. ;http://www. oregonwild. organization/fish_wildlife/bringing_wolves_back/wolves-misjudged; Robb, Bob. â€

Range of Champagne

Building a solid client connection with an item requires capable faculty to empower it flourish in the current dynamic and serious business settings. For constant and maintainable brand achievement, authorities ought to painstakingly choose and situate the items to the objective market.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Range of Champagne explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Champagne house has numerous gifted brand directors; they adopted various strategies and endeavored a few choices to situate various brands of Champagne to their current status (Hirche 2012). Legitimate administration of Champagne brands has expanded the level at which clients recognize themselves with the items. The solid brands have added critical qualities to Champagne items, for what it's worth in the brains of shoppers, accordingly most clients partner themselves with the brand. Dom Perignon brand makes Moet Chandon Wineries Company to create more an incentive than diffe rent Champagnes that needs such solid brands. Directing an efficient promotion for an item or administration modifies advertise recognitions. Commercial of Champagne brands helped in arrangement of mental pictures in the psyches of purchasers. This has made it simple for the organization to sell its basic brands, for example, Krug and Dom Perignon easily, as there is little rivalry. Rivalry has been insignificant as in clients have created solid taste and inclination for the Champagne brands (Hirche 2012). With regards to advertise dynamism, Champagne brands find there route into key capacities like gatherings, football festivities, and other huge capacities. With such solid associations, buyers accept that Champagne brands are better than nonexclusive wines. Dom Perigon, for example, is a costly brand that keeps on commanding the wine advertise given the forceful enthusiastic affiliation that it has with customers. Subsequently, buyers can pay premium rates to buy this brand, rathe r than gaining modest shining wines. This solid brand association has empowered Moet Chandon Wineries Company to create positive brand value with shoppers. Prominently, the brand devotion has adopted a practical strategy; it is thought about the money related development of the organization. The solid brand association that the firm appreciates from a portion of its brands shows the distinction that radiates from promoting various brands. It is about unimaginable for all brands to get same market reaction. Nonetheless, a solitary brand can impact the deals of different brands of a similar organization, as shoppers don't just shape solid associations with the brand, yet in addition with the organization (Brand Equity n.d.).Advertising Looking for exposition on publicizing? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Product value helps organizations in esteem age from three fronts. It is the enthusiastic and scholarly connections or affili ations that purchasers have with a given item or administration. For example, clients can readily pay more for a container of Krug or Bollinger to a jug of conventional Champagne, for example, Mumm or Perrier Jouet (Brand Equity n.d.). This happens in demonstrate hatred for the need legitimate contrast in the flavors of the two brands to help the purpose behind the high premium. Commercials assemble solid pictures in the brains of clients, to such an extent that they move from the mindfulness stage to economical steadfastness with the brand. Adverts convince purchasers to incline toward an offered item to that of the contenders. It additionally helps and consoles shoppers to remember the adequacy of the item offering. In the wake of impacting customers to pick a specific item over others, it turns into a brand name. Dom Perignon, Krug, and Bollinger are key brands that control the piece of the overall industry and deals of the assembling organization; they impact the general busines s results. The street to mark devotion starts with the Advert advisory groups making brand mindfulness among shoppers. At that point, there is the brand preliminary stage; here, purchasers attempt to utilize the brand, and afterward create inclinations. At brand inclination stage, passionate and scholarly affiliations emerge, as customers make tedious buys. Finally, brand dedication happens. At this stage, shoppers request the brand and can pay premium rates to get it. With high steadfastness comes solid connection with the brand, to such an extent that buyers can't substitute the brand for some other wine (Sutherland Sylvester 2000). As indicated by Goode (2012), Champagne consumes a raised space in the wine business, and this has been because of huge ads that Grand Marques has completed. The difficult work has manufactured brand value for Champagne items, to such an extent that there is an assurance in value rise for any container of wine having the Champagne name. Despite the fac t that there are costly Champagne marks, the nearness of economical brands dissolve the brand value. Item promotion varies starting with one brand then onto the next. For instance, Dom Perignon brand has higher eminence level than Veuve Clicquot deciding from the manner in which purchasers look for them. Bollinger brand inclines more than the Taittinger brand. In a serious and dynamic market, a product’s picture is everything. Different battles by Moet Chandon Wineries Company have seen Krug and Dom Perignon top the most expended rundown of brands. Notices additionally target changing consumers’ convictions or attitudes on specific items or administrations. This builds the market section bringing about improvement of a bigger market.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Range of Champagne explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Champagne brands are dispersed to explicit areas, related with right characters, and occasions. Moreover, Moet Chan don Wineries Company has been utilizing brand adverts to recognize their items from those of the contenders (Chamberlin 1918). This has made it simple for shoppers to separate their items from others. Gigantic speculation is required so as to construct a renown brand, and for Champagne, such venture is definitely not a critical issue. For feasible faithfulness among purchasers, the speculation needs to evacuate the strain to sell that could prompt negative choices from shoppers in future. Notice is a significant apparatus that modifies consumers’ negative observations, and ingrains the brand picture in their psyches. With the picture of Champagne marks in the brains of shoppers, there is an obstruction to passage of new items and decrease in rivalry from comparable items. The move squares new contenders from setting up their quality in the wine advertise, as purchasers can forego purchasing wine if the brand isn't accessible. Publicizing has been an incredible weapon for the improvement of solid pictures of the Champagne brands. Champagne items stay unparalleled in the market even with different brands slanting at significant expenses. Shoppers put more an incentive on Champagne than different refreshments. An examination of the deals of Roederer, Laurent-Perrier, and Veuve Clcquot uncover diverse market observations (Goode 2012). The information shoppers have about the named brands are diverse bringing about various brand value estimations. Item value is additionally appreciated from the purpose of substantial money related resources that a firm claims. This involves the vital situating and arranging that an organization has set up to guarantee fruitful exchange of items to shoppers. The transition to recognize various brands of Champagne made the Wine firm to enroll positive market reaction, however at various levels. The pictures beneath show a portion of the significant Champagne marks that are drifting in the wine showcase. References Brand Equity n.d., UK Essays: Marketing. Web.Advertising Searching for paper on promoting? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Chamberlin, H. H 1918, Champagne Song: or The Wine of Victory, Taylor Francis, Paris. Goode, J 2012, How to Manage a Champagne Brand, Some Thoughts, The Wine Anorack. Web. Hirche, M 2012, Brand Equity †the Case of Champ†¦ What?, Martins Winelust. Web. Sutherland, M., Sylvester, A. K 2000, Advertising and the Mind of the Consumer: What works, What Doesn’t, and Why (second ed.), Allen Unwin, St. Leonards, NSW. This article on Range of Champagne was composed and put together by client Ellen Sharpe to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

How SSRIs Are Used in the Treatment of Panic Disorder

How SSRIs Are Used in the Treatment of Panic Disorder Panic Disorder Treatment Print How SSRIs Are Used in the Treatment of Panic Disorder By Katharina Star, PhD facebook linkedin Katharina Star, PhD, is an expert on anxiety and panic disorder. Dr. Star is a professional counselor, and she is trained in creative art therapies and mindfulness. Learn about our editorial policy Katharina Star, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 18, 2020 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 20, 2020 Richard Newstead / Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Coping Related Conditions You may have heard that antidepressants can help treat panic disorder. One class of antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are often prescribed to treat panic disorder, anxiety, and panic attacks. Learn how SSRIs are used for the treatment of panic disorder. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or simply SSRIs, refer to a specific class of antidepressant medications. When first introduced in the 1980s, SSRIs were used to treat depression. Now established to be effective in treating panic disorder, SSRIs include medications such as Prozac (Fluoxetine), Paxil (Paroxetine), Celexa (Citalopram), Lexapro (Escitalopram), Luvox (Fluvoxamine), and Zoloft (Sertraline). As the name implies, SSRIs affect serotonin, which is a naturally occurring chemical or neurotransmitter in the brain. Serotonin is associated with the regulation of a variety of functions including mood and is considered to be imbalanced in those with anxiety issues. SSRIs focus solely on the levels of serotonin (selective) by preventing its absorption (reuptake) by nerve cells in the brain. By stabilizing levels of serotonin, these medications decrease feelings of anxiety and regulate mood, making them effective in managing depression and anxiety.?? Due to long-term effectiveness, limited side-effects, and validated research outcomes, SSRIs are the most commonly prescribed drug for panic disorder. If you are considering medication or are currently prescribed SSRIs, you may be wondering how this medication can help. Listed below are common ways in which SSRIs are used in the treatment of panic disorder. Symptom Reduction By and large, a person with panic disorder is prescribed SSRIs to assist in decreasing troublesome symptoms. SSRIs have been found to decrease the frequency and intensity of panic attacks.?? Reducing the severity of attacks helps relieve the fear associated with future attacks, which is one of the most debilitating symptoms of panic disorder. SSRIs can make a huge difference for a person who has become afraid of leaving the home or is having difficulties engaging in other necessary activities. Skill-Building Participating in therapy and self-help activities is an important part of the recovery process. Self-help strategies include breathing exercises and relaxation skills. A qualified therapist can provide cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which involves developing new ways of thinking and behaving in order to cope with panic disorder. Studies indicate that CBT alone is not as beneficial without SSRIs.?? CBT is a long-lasting aid in managing symptoms, but medication can assist in rapidly reducing symptoms, allowing for a greater ability to participate and benefit from psychotherapy techniques. When symptoms are under control, one may feel ready to practice exposure therapy, the gradual introduction of phobic situations to slowly build up a sense of confidence when faced with fear. For many people with panic disorder, exposure therapy is only possible with the support that SSRIs provide. Treating Co-Occurring Issues SSRIs can not only serve to combat the symptoms of panic disorder  but can also alleviate coexisting issues. Other mental health issues, such as depression or different forms of anxiety, are often associated with panic disorder. Indicators of a mood disorder include such symptoms as fatigue, sadness, and diminished interest in previously pleasurable activities. Substance abuse issues are also related to panic disorder. SSRIs can be safely prescribed in such instances.?? Unlike sedatives, such as Xanax, Ativan, or Valium, SSRIs are non-addictive. Since dependence is not an issue, SSRIs are prescribed for longer durations of time, increasing the chances of improvement. As with any medication, there are some risks and side-effects associated with SSRIs. Some more serious side effects potentially include an increased chance of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in some younger individuals, allergic reactions, and complications during pregnancy. These potential dangers are rare and should be explored with your doctor. Some of the more common side effects include nausea, headaches, weight changes, and sexual dysfunction.?? Due to the potential of experiencing drowsiness and dizziness typical of SSRIs, caution should be taken when driving or participating in other activities that require alertness. Some of the commonly occurring side effects often fade over time. It can be helpful to track any side effects and progress you have experienced while taking an SSRI. Such information can assist your doctor in determining if the dosage should be adjusted or medication changed. Typically, your doctor will start you out on a low dosage and increase the  amount as needed. Determining what dosage is right for you will require some patience. SSRIs can take some time to be effective, sometimes need several weeks to begin to see improvements and up to several months to reach their maximum effect. Even if you believe the medication isn’t working, don’t ever abruptly stop taking SSRIs. To avoid potential complications, discontinue use only under the guidance of your doctor. Generally, most people with panic disorder will react positively to SSRIs. If you decide to try them as a part of your ?treatment plan, remember to remain patient, be prepared to discuss progress at each doctor visit, and expect to begin to feel relief from the symptoms of panic disorder.

Cyberspace and Identity Essay - 1022 Words

Multiple identities have been increased by the creation of cyberspace communications according to Cyberspace and Identity by Sherry Turkle. Turkle uses four main points to establish this argument. Her first point is that online identity is a textual construction. Secondly she states that online identity is a consequence-free moratorium. Turkles third point is online identity expands real identity. Finally, her last point states that online identity illustrates a cultural concept of multiplicity. I disagree with many aspects of her argument and I have found flaws in her argument. Technology is an area that does not stand still and consequently outpaced Turkles argument. First, Turkle states that cyberspace makes it possible†¦show more content†¦A core self is created as a result of this consequence-free environment. This will give the user an identity. Online identity expands real identity is Turkles third point. The user may choose to be anyone he or she wants in cyberspace. There are no boundaries on who or what a person may be. A user can express many different aspects of his or her personality without being made fun of because no one would know the truth. A man may be a woman because he wants to engage in his feminine side. The other users may not know it is a man because in cyberspace, others only know what it told to them. If a person chooses, he or she may change gender, age, physical characteristics, and such. A fat man can easily become a beautiful woman in a few key strokes. On the other hand, one may express their nonconformities in a safe way and not have to repress them. A user may be blunt and be proud of it without receiving a black eye for it. Therefore, online identity expands real identity. Finally, according to Turkles article online identity illustrates a cultural concept of multiplicity. Freud believed the subconscious revealed centralized identity but this is not apart of the popular culture anymore. Today the computer screen conveys theory. No longer are people concentrating on the unitary self, but yet people are experimenting with multiplicity through new social practices of identity. None of this can compare withShow MoreRelated Internet - Exploring Our Inner-self in Cyberspace Essay1556 Words   |  7 PagesExploring Our Inner-self in Cyberspace Cyberspace is a new communication medium which enables us to understand our social behavior. In the ‘real world’ and ‘virtual world,’ we understand ourselves by developing aspects of our identity. However, in the virtual world, we can explore our inner-self without rejection that may be experienced in the real world. Cyberspace is, thus, a psychological ‘space’ to build and form, explore and discover, and accept and understand ourselves. To explain thisRead More Internet - How Real is Cyberspace? Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesReal is Cyberspace? The term ‘Cyberspace’ was first coined by William Gibson and defined as â€Å"a consensual hallucination experienced daily by billions of legitimate operators† (Gibson 1984, 67). This term has come to shape the evolving universe that encompasses today’s society as Cyberspace is a realm which exists on the Internet and is becoming immensely used globally. â€Å"Online experiences challenge what many have traditionally called identity, as on the Internet many people recast identity in termsRead More Online Relationships Essay588 Words   |  3 PagesOnline Relationships Cyberspace relationships have the advantages of time, distance depletion, and fantasy abilities (Suler). Internet users can take on different identities or take part in fantasy games. They can become someone else. James Katz and Philip Aspen report that the Internet is a place to make friends and stay in touch with far away relatives (Stoll). It makes distance disappear. Also, online a person is given time before they must respond to the other person (Suler). They are givenRead MoreSummary Of The Novels820 Words   |  4 Pagesis, also, addicted to the matrix and the cyberspace. Case agrees to work for Armitage in exchange for repairs of his nervous system, which grants him back the ability to enter the matrix. He doesn’t have any knowledge of what is the objective of their mission. He is motivated, mostly, by the ability to interact once again with the cyberspace and to rise above the condition of a simple â€Å"meat† (Miller and Wagner-Martin 57). The interaction wit h the cyberspace is described as ultimate physical experienceRead MoreHow Technology Is Constantly Evolving And We Are Too With It953 Words   |  4 Pages no creation has made this more possible than Cyberspace. Prior to the twenty first century cyberspace was thought to be in the realm of science fiction, until a couple decades later technological breakthroughs brought it to existence. From that point on it has become essential to personal and global infrastructure. Storing our identity, personal information, wealth and for some our whole lives. Which makes it dangerous as well if abused. Cyberspace is a new frontier and we still don’t completelyRead MoreThe Issue Of Cyber Crime1118 Words   |  5 Pagescommit a crime. Whether a person is covering their face with a ski mask as they physically rob a bank or someone infiltrates a hospital’s network to steal personal information for ransom, every criminal finds comfort in the warped sense that their identity will most likely be unknown, which will allow them to evade law enforcement. Due to technological advancements, criminals are more likely to remain anonymous after committing a criminal act when they engage in cyber crime. As a result, organizedRead MoreCyber Threat, Its Scope And Its Impact On National Security991 Words   |  4 PagesCyberspace which is an offshoot for the development of computer and digital communication technologies, has in recent decades become part and parcel of our daily lives. It has become an ideal source for cyber criminals to remain active while preying on victims. Higher the number of cyberspace users’, higher is the opportunities for exploitation. So it is the need of the hour to protect our computers, networks, digital applications and our data from unintended or unauthorized source, change or destructionRead MoreOnline Identity Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pagescomputers and the Internet redefining human identity as people explore the boundaries of their personalities, adopt multiple selves, and form online relationships that can be more intense than real ones? Is the World Wide Web redefining our sense of community and where we find our peers? The answer is simple. An individual should not use a false identity to produce a life on the Internet. They should also avoid using an online life to influence their identity in real life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;GenderRead MoreA Virtual Community By Rene Lysloff1505 Words   |  7 Pagesthis community materializes , ‘Cyberspace is a metaphor for this non-physical computer mediated terrain. Vangie Beal- Cyberspace-Webopedia There are different types of Imagined Communities, including virtual and digital. In virtual communities the people involved are characters and are non-existent, an example of this is Cybercity. Alternatively , Social Networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter are considered digital as they consist of people with real identities and the actions they make onRead MoreAnalysis Of John Egan s The Eyes Apart From My Friends 913 Words   |  4 Pagespersonal relationships. The narrator in Egan’s story explains how he â€Å"drifted apart from my friends. I stopped searching for a lover. I took to working at home† (Egan, 164). P. Burke, on the other hand, is in love with Paul, whom she meets as Delphi in cyberspace, but he is horrified when he sees her real body. Perhaps Tiptree chose not to give P. Burke the opportunity to tell her own story in order to fully capture her helplessness as a result of society’s shallow judgements. In contrast, the narrator of

Essay on The Ethics of Performance Enhancing Drug Use in...

As Approached from Virtue Ethics and Utilitarian Perspectives Since the 1990’s, Major League Baseball has been tainted by the â€Å"steroid era,† with over 127 players admitting to or being charged for performance-enhancing drug usage. As records have been shattered, books have been published, and players have confessed to their exploits, these drugs have made society question the legitimacy of America’s favorite pastime. One of the game’s greatest, Hank Aaron, set the all time homerun record in 1974. Thirty-three years later, Barry Bonds tied this record, and shortly after was indicted for lying under oath about his alleged use of steroids in the BALCO scandal. An example of two monumental milestones, both affected by the use of illegal†¦show more content†¦Aristotle claims that some goods are external and are never valued for themselves, but for the things that come from it. For example, fame, wealth, status, and power are all external goods t hat may come from using steroids in baseball competition. Players strive for these external goods from their use of steroids, when they focus on specific aspects of the game that are purely an end gain and goal. For example, when a player like Manny Ramirez uses steroids to advance his game to a level where he can gain fame and wealth from exceptional play, he is focusing only on external goods. If he had played baseball naturally, without illegal enhancement, he would have been playing to show his commitment, dedication, and integrity. The goods that are recognized as a part of the practice of baseball, and not merely an end, are internal goods of the soul, which humans should be striving to live in accordance with. Alastair MacIntyre expanded upon Aristotle’s work with internal and external goods, and went on to claim that internal goods raise the level of everyone who is competing in the game. When players play with virtue, integrity, and honesty, the game of baseball and all who participate advance in the practice. Yet with external goods, the scene shifts to a zero-sum game, where there is only so much of the good to go around. With steroid usage, only so much recognition forShow MoreRelatedPED in Sports Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pages PED in Sports Performance enhancing drugs have been a longstanding problem in sports. It not only deteriorates the honesty of the game, but also can have broader social affects that one may not even realize. The use of performance enhancing drugs is especially apparent in Major League Baseball. This problem can be traced back to the 1980’s when baseball was facing one of its first â€Å"dark periods†. During the 1980’s Major League Baseball was experiencing a home run drought. Home run totals wereRead MoreDoping And Performance Enhancing Drugs1262 Words   |  6 Pagesathletes who have had their reputations tarnished by using performance enhancing drugs (sometimes shortened to PEDs). In his interview with Opera Winfrey, Armstrong stated that â€Å"I didn t view [doping] [as cheating]. I viewed it as a level playing field† (Lance). With this statement, Armstrong is declaring that many professional cyclists and other professional athletes engage in illegal doping in ord er to improve their performances. These drugs can be useful for their ability to decrease recovery timeRead MoreSteroids And Other Performance Enhancing Drugs1678 Words   |  7 PagesSteroids and other performance enhancing drugs have been banned from Major League Baseball since 1991; however, this law was not strictly enforced by the Major League Baseball Players Association (Anabolic Steroids). The MLBPA to date has become much more involved in the issue of PED use in the MLB, and they do test many of the players for traces of steroids. Few players are caught each year, but when a big name pops up, the whole debacle headlines newspapers, constantly talked about on sports networksRead MoreWhy Performance-Enhancing Drugs Are Ruining Sports Essay1174 Words   |  5 Pagesathletes alike: performance-enhancing drugs. These drugs come in substances, chemical agents and are used in medical procedures which provide the user with an advantage in athletic performance (Encarta, 2007.) These drugs have been a very dark shadow over sports since they came into athletics. Recently, the Tour de France and Major League Baseball have seen major cases in which star athletes in their sports have been questioned if those drugs had been used. These types of drugs are bad for sportsRead MoreEssay on Steroids in Baseball1012 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Steroids in Baseball† nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Today in the United States, millions and millions of kids, teens, and adults watch and play in the sport of baseball. It is probably the number one sport looked upon and what is happening to it is a bit discouraging. Players have started â€Å"cheating† by using steroids to help them play stronger and better. They are in league where you have to be the best at what you do to play, and if your using drugs to cheat yourRead MoreA Letter to the Minister of Sports in Singapore863 Words   |  3 Pagescompetitive athletes cant just use their natural God-given strengths and talent and hence, eliminate the tedious reports of cheating in sports. This letter delves into the issues that officials and team administrators deal with vis-à  -vis banned substances, and takes the position that society urgently must find solutions for cheating in sports. I hope you have time to give consideration to the materials presented herein. The Literature on the Problems Related to Illegal Drug use in Sports Stephen RileyRead MoreSteroid Use in Baseball: a Social Injustice?1823 Words   |  8 PagesSteroid Use in Baseball: A Social Injustice? In the year of 1998 the sport of baseball ruled the landscape of the sports world as people all over the country were watching Mark Mcgwire and Sammy Sosa race towards the single-season home run record. Major League Baseball, the ruling body of professional baseball in the United States, was all too thrilled with their newfound popularity and growing revenues. The game of baseball had long been considered â€Å"the† American pastime, but entering the 98’ seasonRead MoreFairness and Purity: Why American Baseball Players Should Know Better1927 Words   |  8 PagesAmerican Baseball Players Should Know Better Max P. Farhi Keuka College February 2013 Fairness and Purity: Why American Baseball Players Should Know Better Reading the recent articles â€Å"We, the Public, Place the Best Athletes on Pedestals† by William Moller, and â€Å"Cheating and CHEATING† by Joe Posnanski, I found occasion to consider the use of steroids in baseball for the first time. In these essays, Moller and Posnanski tapped into the running commentary about performance-enhancing substancesRead MoreSteroid Use in Sports1732 Words   |  7 PagesAround an astonishing ten to fifteen percent of professional athletes use illegal steroids which are also known as performance enhancing drugs. These substances which are banned in professional sports aren’t just any type of steroid or drug. They are called anabolic steroids or performance enhancing drugs, and they are synthetically produced substances of male testosterone hormones. The use of these illegal steroids has garnered a lot of publicity within the world of sports over the past few yearsRead MoreSteroids Good Or Bad?1816 Words   |  8 PagesNovember 12 , 2015 Steroids Good or Bad? Have you ever wondered if performance enhancing drugs (P.E.D.s) are actually benefiting sports? Some people say that yes they are, because it helps athletes perform better. Others say no, and think it may eventually ruin the game. Even though professional sports do have rules against using them, that won’t stop the athletes from using them. In my opinion to the topic are performance enhancing drugs benefiting sports? My answer is NO, the side effects can harm

Legal Aspect of Contract Free Essays

If organizations want to become more innovative and productive by encouraging and rewarding their workforce to share, collaborate and build collective intelligence they must do more than grant permission for people to build relationships and share their experience inside and outside the organization. They must take incentives for this new way of working into their policies, management systems and training programs. As I’ve discussed elsewhere (â€Å"Social Business 101? ), becoming a social business is much more about changing culture than it is about technology or tools. We will write a custom essay sample on Legal Aspect of Contract or any similar topic only for you Order Now And changing human behavior or organizational habits is among the tallest of orders. Right now, many businesses don’t have the kind of social (business) contract with workers they need, and may even be discouraging sharing. Some companies forbid or restrict external social sharing, largely because they don’t have the systems, controls or guidelines to make these efforts constructive rather than the productivity drain they may perceive them to be. And most aren’t set up to measure and reward how well individual workers or teams share internally, cooperate or contribute to organizational intelligence and expertise development. Contract law †¢General rules about contracts †¢Warranties implied in building contracts †¢Breach of contract by the builder scenario †¢Breaches by the subcontractor †¢Liability of the builder Print page Email page link Having a contract with the people you engage to build your house or do other work around your home is extremely important. Some general rules about contracts and what to do if there is a breach. General rules about contracts There are some general rules about contracts which are legally understood and apply to any type of contract. The important thing about any contract, whether it is to buy a section or engage a designer or tradesperson, is to enter into a proper agreement that covers all the possible aspects of the arrangement and that you get it in writing. Legally, contracts relating to the sale of land, disposition of any interest in land (including leases) and charges or mortgages over land, must be in writing and signed by the parties to the contract. Warranties implied in building contracts In the Building Act 2004, certain warranties are implied in all building contracts, whether specified in the contract or not. These include the expectation that the work will be done competently and using suitable materials. Breach of contract by the builder scenario Suppose your builder has substituted cheaper wallboard than that stipulated in the specifications, without getting a variation [define] signed by you, as required in the contract. This is a breach of contract. What can you do about it? In reality, there are almost always differences between products and by substituting the wallboard the builder is essentially making a design decision and any responsibility the designer has for the performance of the wallboard passes to the builder. So, if you are not happy with its final ‘fitness for purpose’ you could apply to the Courts for an award of damages. If you have already paid the builder, you could sue for the difference in cost, or for the cost of ripping out and replacing the substituted wallboard. You must be able to satisfy the Court that you have suffered loss and you will be required to quantify that loss. If you haven’t yet paid you will be in a stronger position. You could refuse to pay the difference between the cost of the wallboard you asked for and the savings the builder made by using a cheaper product. Or you could negotiate for the builder to replace the wallboard before you pay up. Breaches by the subcontractor What happens when you think a subcontractor, say the roofer, has done a poor job? You should approach the main contractor, usually the builder. This is essentially a breach of the builder’s contract with you. Don’t go directly to the subcontractor. If things aren’t fixed to your satisfaction you could sue the builder who could, in turn, sue the roofer for breach of their contract. What happens if your main contractor has gone into liquidation? Can you seek redress from the roofer directly? There is no contract between you and the roofer, so you can’t take action for breach of contract. But you may be able to sue for negligence. And you may be able to take action under the Consumer Guarantees Act. To be successful in a claim for negligence you would have to prove that the roofer owed you a duty of care to do the work to a satisfactory standard, which they breached, and as a consequence you suffered some loss (which was not too remote). For example, you may have needed to pay someone else to fix the problems. Whether the subcontractor does owe you a duty of care depends on the facts which will be decided by the Court. Liability of the builder The liability of the builder was discussed in the Courts in the case of Riddell v Porteous (1999). The Riddells built a house hiring a builder, Mr Porteous, under a labour-only contract. The Riddells later sold the house to the Bagleys who discovered rot in the deck due to leaking. It was found that the deck had not been built according to the building permit. The Bagleys sued the Riddells for the expense of fixing the problem. The Riddells sued the builder for breach of his contractual obligation to build the house in compliance with the permit and fit for its intended purpose. The Riddells also sued the council for negligence in not carrying out the final inspection. The Court held that the builder was in breach of his contractual obligations to the Riddels, therefore Mr Porteous was liable for the cost of the remedial work that the Bagleys were claiming from the Riddells. He was entirely in charge of the building contract despite the fact he was being paid on a labour-only basis. In relation to the council, the Court held the council was liable to the Riddells for negligence in not carrying out the final inspection. How to cite Legal Aspect of Contract, Essay examples

Marketing FMCG to Rural Consumer Essay Sample free essay sample

With the population of over 1. 2 billion and huge district. India maintains an one-year economic growing rate of over 6. 5 % since 1998. In this fast developing market. India enhances specific features in many facets: the consumer penchant. selling channel. market liquidness. distributers and mills. and so on. Therefore. decision makers have to do determinations and schemes matching to this circumstance. I. General Background Undertaking overview As the India’s largest consumer goods company based in Mumbai. Maharashtra. every bit good as the subdivision of world’s largest FMCG company. Hindustan Unilever Limited ( HUL ) has a singular public presentation through these old ages. In the fiscal twelvemonth 2011-2012. HUL receives the new gross of 22. 115 nucleuss. and the net income of 2. 2691 nucleuss. Till now. two out of three Indians use HUL. doing the trade names a portion of mundane life. Unilever has ever held the house belief that the private sector can lend to societal development by making win-win solutions to societal challenges through advanced schemes that meet both concern and societal aims. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing FMCG to Rural Consumer Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was this doctrine that prompted Hindustan Unilever to make Project Shakti. a alone micro-enterprise enterprise that is both a accelerator for rural wealth creative activity and a successful concern operation: Hindustan Lever’s Project to perforate the rural market for FMCG goods. About 12. 000 adult females enterprisers had been appointed. covering about 50. 000 small towns in partnership with about 300 NGO’s. Selling analysis HUL’s growing in India was greatly linked to political periods in recent history. From 1947 to late 1980s. due to the restricted political ordinance. the India economic system was to a great extent characterized by the â€Å"License Raj† . Any sort of capital investing had to allow by the authorities. In that instance. it was difficult for HUL joined the market. Get downing at early 1990s. transnational companies were attracted by the economic liberalisation and new investing environment in India. Import limitations were released ; trade barriers were shielded. which consequences in a favourable market for HUL. But competitions are fierce at the same clip. Therefore. HUL seek to research a scheme that sharply expand its market by broaden the merchandise classs and lower the monetary values. For the production subdivision. HUL’s FMCG merchandises were by and large organized into four subdivisions. including: Detergent. Personal merchandise. Beverage. and Food. For the selling subdivision. hapless connectivity among small towns and widely scattered consumers are chief jobs since over 70 % population of India resides in small towns. The landscape in India exceeds over 3000 kilometer in north to south and 2900km in E to west and the entire coastline length of 6. 000 kilometer. particularly the chief metropoliss are far apart. Large population in the huge district means a great challenge to HUL. By carry oning the undertaking Shakti. it foremost reached the rural new markets. Shakti set the distribution system in such a low urbanisation state and improved it at the same clip. even without the direct retail mercantile establishment channel concluding client can be reached. It helped to a more individualized services and flexible distribution system. Retailers are given precedences to their mark clients in their web. in add-on. credits in the regular trading period. In this instance. clients are willing to accept this concern manner and going trueness to the trade name. The organisation Structure in Shakti was distributed by geographic A ; merchandise classs: Regional director ( RM ) ; General gross revenues director ( GSM ) ; Area gross revenues director ( ASM ) ; Gross saless officers ( SOs ) ; Territory gross revenues in-charge ( TSI ) . Because there are civilization and instruction differences in different parts. it may take to a great challenge for the disposal system. No anterior instances may follow with in this particular undertaking. however. enterprisers are afraid to put because of the past failures and difficult to carry on. Influential companies are non interested in rural countries because low income population makes no net income. Directors have to constructing assurance and autonomy among Shakti Entrepreneurs. More human resources are needed to develop people going enterprisers and keep the distribution system. Without the aid from the authorities support. it is difficult to travel frontward. The undertaking faced the complicated state of affairs. In the scheme determination doing procedure. HUL need to develop economically feasible and efficient distribution channels in small towns while make it profitable and sustainable at the same clip. Motivation and Role of Business HUL put a societal impact on rural India by spread outing the distribution web all over the state. The undertaking enhances the support by provide rural India with entree to information and societal communicating. In this manner. HUL takes the corporate societal duty in the procedure of developing the market and making a self-sufficient concern theoretical account. It helps to entree markets beyond the range of traditional distribution manner. II. Current state of affairs Contribution to HUL’s underside line Undertaking Shakti contributes to HUL’s underside line in several ways. It grasps unapproachable rural consumer section. earns single societal acknowledgment. physiques trade name publicity and do gross revenues addition. Besides it improves the corporate image. For illustration. Undertaking Shakti is unleashing the potency of rural India. making impact and altering lives. In the twelvemonth 2011-2012. one of the cardinal pushs was coverage enlargement in the rural markets. The Shakti web has been leveraged to inscribe 30. 000 Shaktimaan who distribute in 100. 000 new small towns. The Company has added a million shops over the last two old ages to its coverage. therefore duplicating its direct coverage and trebling its rural coverage. Shakti is aimed at heightening the coverage even further to enable the company make every bit much as 90 % of the rural population. The company has now built a clear distribution advantage with a direct range of more than 2 million mercantile establishments. By the terminal of March 2012. the Shakti web has been leveraged to inscribe 30. 000 Shaktimaan who distribute in 100. 000 new small towns and the Shakti plan had spread to 500. 000 mercantile establishments. adding another dimension to the Company’s distribution and lending to trebling the rural footmark. Launched in 2000. by late 2007 some 46. 000 Shakti enterprisers had been appointed and trained. covering 100. 000 small towns in 15 provinces and making over three million families in rural India. Already a multi-million dollar concern. by 2010 it represented a important portion of Hindustan Unilever’s overall concern and generated an one-year combined income for Shakti enterprisers of over $ 25 million a twelvemonth. Economic value The undertaking is taking at constructing more shops. distributing faster and making larger. Coverage enlargement was a cardinal thrust country in 2011. edifice on the enlargement undertook a twelvemonth before. Over the last two old ages. Undertaking Shakti has added one million new shops. duplicating the coverage and taking HUL merchandises and services to some of the remotest corners. There are now 30. 000 Shaktimaans across India. Shakti Amma will go on to drive home-to-home gross revenues in their small town and Shaktimaan will cover little retail mercantile establishments in environing small towns. And eventually assist increase the market portion and the gross. Social value Enhancing Supports Undertaking Shakti. the enterprise to construct and back up a web of adult females enterprisers in little small towns was strengthened in 2010-2011 and work forces from Shakti families were given a bike to cover a bunch of small towns in their locality. This plan aid develop a batch more work chances for the local people so that make their live a better life. Undertaking Shakti is enabling households to populate with self-respect and in better wellness A ; hygiene. instruction of the kids and an overall improvement in life criterions. It creates a win-win partnership between HUL and the rural consumers for common benefit and growing. Authorization of adult females Undertaking Shakti is assisting conveying prosperity and dignity. It helps adult females in rural India set up little concerns as direct-to-consumer retail merchants. The scheme equips adult females with concern accomplishments and a manner out of poorness. And besides it creates a important new distribution channel for Unilever merchandises in the big and aggressive planetary market of low-spending consumers. It has proved to be a great success for adult females in India and for Hindustan Unilever. A recent survey showed that Shakti adult females are more confident about socialising. more likely to play the lead function in public activities. and bask higher acknowledgment and societal position among local people. For the 1000s of adult females who have become Shakti enterprisers. this enterprise has changed their lives non merely in a manner that they earn incomes by selling soaps and shampoos. It besides has brought them self-esteem. a sense of authorization and a topographic poin t in society. III. Opportunities and challenges The HUL has delivered a robust concern public presentation. which has been consistent and competitory through the twelvemonth. The Gross Gross saless have doubled in the twelvemonth 2012 comparison to the gross revenues in 2002. No uncertainty that Shakti is responsible for duplicating the gross revenues over these old ages. But things are non traveling through that well at first. There are some jobs which made the inaugural hard to get down. First of all. it is highly difficult to convert the rural people to fall in the Shakti Project. since they hadn’t even heard of HUL before. and it is a challenge for the enterprisers to get down their concern at foremost. because they are supposed less educated and don’t have much thought of gross revenues. Second. an understanding must be reached with authorities and NGOs to do certain the Undertaking will run without any problem caused by part disposal. And holding so many enterprisers. HUL must guarantee the stock list supply and distribution. which would turn out to be complicated. Last but non least. the Undertaking must do net income part to HUL. or at least stop up with a interruption even. otherwise it won’t be converting to the officers to get down the Project Shakti. To work out the jobs above. the suggestions are:1. Put adequate investing in the publicity of both the Shakti Project and the merchandise of HLL to give rural people sufficient assurance fall ining into the undertaking. 2. Negotiate with authorities and NGOs to hold positive policies on Shakti Project. and present the policy to the rural potency enterprisers. therefore they feel safer to fall in. 3. Train some staff to train the enterprisers at foremost. every bit long as the first group of enterprisers become mature and professional. offer them opportunities to go a manager with extra wages. they understand both how to get down with the concern and how to do other followings understand easy. Besides. they cost less than the formal manager staffs. 4. Construct a well-established stock list system for the Shakti Project. do certain the enterprisers have adequate supplies when they are running good. 5. Since it is a market to instead hapless consumers. cut down the assortment of mercha ndise and stick to low monetary value. low terminal merchandise. lower the cost by utilizing 3rd party workers. and avoid utilizing hi-tech publicity methods. By utilizing some methods above. we believe the challenges the Shakti Project faced would be reduced. But there is still one issue remains: Would the undertaking contribute to the HUL’s net income? And will HUL go on this undertaking if it is non profitable? It depends on the estimation of the market potency it has in rural India countries. No affair the undertaking makes net income. it decidedly broaden the market HUL has in India greatly in rural countries. Therefore if the economic system of India. particularly the rural country of India continues to develop. it is a immense advantage to hold the trade name consciousness built in progress. and that is what Shakti Project aims at. But if things are non making good in India. go oning in the Shakti Project will stop up with useless investing. Harmonizing to the current state of affairs and the one-year study of HUL. there is a great potency in the rural country of India. So it’s wise for HLL to go on the undertaking whether it is profitable at the present. On the whole. Undertaking is Shakti is a good illustration of advanced and sustainable concern.

Social influence and anti social behaviour

Social influence and anti social behaviour Introduction Experiments on social influence help to determine whether a person behaves in accordance to one’s social context or one’s personality. They emphasise the importance of the implied, real or envisaged existence of others. Individuals spend most of their time in social gatherings and they can exert an influence on group members or the reverse may occur.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social influence and anti social behaviour specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Indeed, most people’s attitudes reflect the belief systems of their respective groups. To effectively understand human behaviour, one must fully appreciate the role that social context plays in influencing it. Experiments on social context can demystify antisocial behaviour because they provide a theoretical basis for deviations from the norm. How research helps in the understanding of social behaviour One classic piece of social i nfluence research is the Asch conformity as carried out by Solomon Asch. He was one of the most important contributors of the antisocial behavioural discipline because he demystified the concept of group conformance (Turner 1991). In his analysis, the experimenter used two types of cards for all the participants. One card had a standard line while the other card had three different lines. Subjects were supposed to match the lines on the second card with the standard line. This was a relatively simply test that had a clear answer. However, the subjects were placed in the company of others and answered after all the confederates (5, 6 or seven in number) had responded. It was found that twelve out of the eighteen subjects changed their minds when the perceived members of the team did the same. When these participants were asked to identify the correct line privately, they gave the right answer. This experiment illustrated that members of a group will be under pressure to conform to ot her’s people’s opinions even when they know that the opinions they hold are wrong. Ash’s study was critical in illustrating the importance of normative social influence. His subjects deliberately gave a wrong answer because they wanted to adhere to group norms. At the time of the experiment, it was necessary to follow the instructions of members of the group. Their feelings and expectations were imperative in bringing out these outcomes. In fact, conformance was so important to the subjects that they were willing to support an answer that they knew was obviously wrong (Bond Smith 1996). Similarly, one may apply this information to groups that engage in antisocial behaviour. A young man may participate in a violent activity, group rape or robbery owing to the type of social influence found in Ash’s experiment.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He m ay know that the activity is immoral, but may choose to engage in it simply to conform to group expectations. Such subjects seek group rewards or want to evade social punishment. This public conformity may explain why certain people act appropriately in private and inappropriately in a group especially when the action they are doing is undoubtedly wrong/ immoral. Asch’s work also provides useful insights on self categorisation. This theory posits that sometimes people may justify their antisocial behaviour in groups by depersonalizing themselves from the situation (Koelen Van den Ban 2010). They may claim that their behaviour was in tandem with the group, and this was the right thing to do. Participants may hold the expectation that when in a group, one is expected to hold the same attitudes or beliefs as the group. They depend upon the choices of others to gauge whether their own actions are correct. The Milgram experiment was yet another classic piece of work on social inf luence and can also provide tremendous insights on antisocial behaviour. It was carried out amongst a group of volunteers who were made to believe that they were playing the role of a teacher. A confederate was placed in an adjacent room, and was expected to learn a series of words from the teacher. For every wrong response, the teacher was to administer an electric shock to the learner. However, confederates did not receive actual shocks. The experimenter simulated sounds and noises that sounded like electric shocks. The confederates also pretended to be in pain by screaming and banging on the wall after a certain voltage level. They were supposed to tell the teacher about a heart condition that they had. If the subjects wanted to stop at a certain time, the experimenter would urge them to continue using a succession of four sentences, which stressed the critical importance of continuing. If the ‘teacher’ felt that he still wanted to stop after the four sentences, then the experiment would end (Wu 2003). However, others who asked about the confederates were assured that the shocks would not cause permanent harm to the ‘learners’. The results revealed that 65% of the subjects were willing to reach the maximum voltage even though they appeared to be uncomfortable doing so. Some questioned the ethics of the experiment and even refused payment.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social influence and anti social behaviour specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Unlike Asch’s trials, which simply dwelt on group influence, this research was crucial in understanding the role that authority plays in affecting people’s behaviour. Asch’s work compared moral values with social beliefs or opinions. However, Milgram contrasted authority with one’s moral beliefs. His study was critical in illustrating how authority can undermine moral principles and thus lead to a ntisocial behaviour. Therefore, the concept of obedience to authority was under analysis here. More than half of the participants in the study were willing to forfeit their personal principles in order to obey authority. These findings illustrate how antisocial behaviour can occur among seemingly normal or ordinary people. Participants of this study believed that they were not expected to question authority. Similarly subordinates in other settings may commit immoral or antisocial crimes simply because they respect authority. They may be aware of the destructiveness or immorality of their situations, but may willingly participate in those wrongs because of submission to authority. The Milgram experiment also shows that individuals sometimes do not reflect on their beliefs when acting on behalf of an authority. This is reflective of the agentic state theory. In this school of thought, Milgram asserted that when people subject themselves to the authority of others, they may regard the mselves as mere instruments’ of their superior’s wishes rather than individual entities (Milgram 1974). As such, most people will not feel responsible for any actions when they engage in antisocial behaviour. In addition, this experiment is also a continuation of the theory of conformism that was started by Asch. Engaging in antisocial behaviour may sometimes be a form of reference to a group. In this case, the group is the authority figure. Conformity often occurs when the concerned person feels that he or she is not capable enough to make a certain decision. In such cases, the person will depend upon the group as a reference for behaviour (Hayes 2000). This especially occurs when an individual is in a crisis situation like the one in the concerned experiment. Such an analysis is especially relevant in understanding how some people may be prompted to behave in a manner similar to the one viewed in the Nazi concentration camps. The persons carrying out those actions re vealed that social influence can be dominant enough to lead to sadistic or inhumane acts as seen in the genocide.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Milgram proved that more often than not, people agree to belong to a system. When in that system, they have the choice of either sticking to their moral judgements or submitting to the rules of the system, which are represented by figures of authority. Loyalty may be regarded as a moral standard that shapes people’s behaviour. Therefore, when one makes a choice between these divided allegiances then one may or may not act in a deviant manner. The subjects in the experiment were more loyal to the rules of the system, which was the experiment, than their own belief systems and this perpetuated aggressive or violent behaviour. This experiment is highly useful in illustrating that the agentic state of an individual can lead to antisocial behaviour. One may belong to a corporation, and may be persuaded to carry out criminal/ unethical behaviour after receiving instructions from one’s supervisor. This study is useful in identifying the situations that cause obedience to unet hical instructions, and can thus allow stakeholders to either minimise those conditions or eradicate them completely. Phillip Zimbardo also carried out another famous study known as the Stanford Prison Experiment. His major aim was to find out how situational factors lead to deviant behaviour. The researcher created a fake prison at the basement of Stanford University and took 24 students into the setup. The experiment was supposed to last for a period of 2 weeks. Unlike Milgram, Zimbardo did not use confederates or actors as prisoners. All the participants were assigned roles as guards or prisoners. No prisoner was allowed to leave the premises while the guards could do so after an eight-hour shift. The experiment never went up to the intended two weeks as the prisoners were immensely stressed while the guards became sadistic and abusive. Zimbardo found that regardless of having two choices; being hostile or civil towards the prisoners, the guards chose to be hostile. Most of the p risoners took on a position of submission and depression. Some of them seemed to be highly anxious and even began crying. The researcher himself participated in the study; played the role of a prison warden. However, he stopped being objective in the analysis when he allowed the guards to act so brutally. It was Zimbardo’s girlfriend who warned him about the dangers of the experiment, and urged him to stop. After the experiment, it was found that certain situations can prompt seemingly passive individuals to act in a deviant or antisocial manner. When people are given positions of power, they yield to its influence and forget about the importance of their own moral values. The subjects who played the role of guards started to behave in a manner that was not typical of them. Many of them transformed from being passive to aggressive and even violent. Conversely, the subjects who played the role of guards became silent and passive. This analysis was important in understanding th e importance of social conformity. Most people will behave in a certain way owing to their understanding or society’s definition of the position. Police officers, teachers, parents, waitresses, prisoners or prison guards all fulfil certain social roles. Persons in these roles are expected to exhibit certain kinds of behaviour. The guards in the mock prison embraced their social roles and disregarded the fact that they might hurt their fellow participants. This was particularly surprising when Zimbardo himself acted inappropriately. Furthermore, the participants had not shown any signs of psychological malfunctions prior to the survey. Besides, none of the participants volunteered for the role as this would have denoted that certain elements of their personality came into effect. All were randomly assigned those positions without prior consultations. He acknowledged that he had gotten so carried away by his social role, as a warden, that he lost all objectivity of the analysis . Unlike Milgram’s study; this experiment had no specific authority. However, it did prove some of the findings in Asch’s study; that group expectations can replace an individual’s moral imperatives. In this case, no one voiced their expectations about what the prison guards or prisoners should do or say. This behaviour was deduced from expectations on those social roles. No form of coercion or force was exerted upon the participants, yet they found it within themselves to act so sadistically. This study shows that social influence can occur in non immediate settings. The persons concerned in the Zimbardo experiment did not seek immediate social rewards or refrain from immediate punishment. They were allured by the temptations of the powerful positions they were in (Zimbardo 2007). All the experiments discussed above on social influence also prove that conformity can be manipulated. Once a dissenting opinion is voiced by even one member, then that is sufficient enough to cause doubt about a certain act. Variations of the Asch and Milgram experiments have shown that people will be willing to abide by their own moral standards if they realise that other persons in their own position would be willing to do the same. Additionally, if a person heard about certain opinions from an in-group member, then he or she would be more likely to adhere to those same opinions than if the view came from a perceived outsider. Social influence can be moderated and this may minimise antisocial behaviour in subjects. Zimbardo, Asch and Milgram also demonstrate that social forces play a vital role in one’s deeds. Antisocial behaviour may arise out of the need to conform to societal expectations, direct group expectations or even a member of authority. These researches point out that sometimes, one’s personality or value systems can be overridden by certain social forces. Therefore, psychologists or other stakeholders may prevent or treat antisocial behaviour by minimising the occurrence of these group influences. It is particularly interesting to note that most of the deviant behaviour took place regardless of the anonymity of the participants. The subjects had no particular relationship with the researchers in all three social influence studies yet they still engaged in antisocial behaviour. One might conclude that peer influence among known associates and friends may exert an even heavier social influence on the deviant person. Social influence is a concept that can affect people in various capacities. It is so powerful because it has a two-way function. It offers rewards to the person engaging in the antisocial behaviour because it facilitates acceptance. It also offers rewards to the group because it elicits fewer negative sentiments from them. Social influence can thus impede or heighten antisocial behaviour based on these understandings (Guetzkow 2000) Conclusion The studies carried out on social influence illustrate th at it highly affects individual behaviour. These researches show that a person’s behaviour is firmly rooted in one’s social context. Sometimes this may come in the form of one’s peers, group, roles or authority figures. References Bond, R Smith, P 1996, ‘Culture and conformity: a meta analysis of studies using Asch’s line judgment task’ Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 119, pp. 11-137 Guetzkow, H 2000, Groups, leadership and men, Carnegie press, Pittsburgh Hayes, N 2000, Foundations of psychology, Thomson, London Koelen, M Van den Ban, A 2010, Health education and health promotion, Wageningen Academic Publishers, Melbourne Milgram, 1974, Obedience to authority: an experimental view, HarperCollins, London Turner, J 1991, Social influence, Open University Press, NY Wu, W 2003, ‘Compliance: the Milgram Experiment’ Practical psychology, June, pp. 23 Zimbardo, P 2007, ‘When good people do evil’ Yale Alumni magazine, Februar y, pp. 8

Richard Owen - A Profile of the Famous Paleontologist

Richard Owen - A Profile of the Famous Paleontologist Name: Richard Owen Born/Died: 1804-1892 Nationality: British Dinosaurs Named: Cetiosaurus, Massospondylus, Polacanthus, Scelidosaurus, among numerous others About Richard Owen Richard Owen wasnt a fossil hunter, but a comparative anatomistand he was far from the most likeable person in the history of paleontology. Throughout his long career in 19th-century England, Owen had a tendency to dismiss or ignore the contributions of other scientists, preferring to claim all the credit for himself (and he was, it must be said, a very talented, insightful and accomplished naturalist). This was even the case with his most famous contribution to paleontology, his invention of the word dinosaur (terrible lizard), which was inspired in part by the discovery of Iguanodon by Gideon Mantell (who later said of Owen that it was a pity a man so talented should be so dastardly and envious.) As he became increasingly prominent in paleontological circles, Owens treatment of other professional, especially  Mantell, became even more mean-spirited. He renamed (and took credit for discovering) some of the dinosaur fossils Mantell had unearthed, he prevented many of Mantells posthumous research papers from ever being published, and he was even widely believed to have written a scornful ananomyous obituary of Mantell upon the latters death in 1852. The same pattern repeated itself (with less success on Owens part) with Charles Darwin, whose theory of evolution Owen mistrusted and was probably envious of. ​After the publication of Darwins seminal book On the Origin of Species, Owen became involved in an ongoing debate with the evolutionary popularizer and Darwin supporter Thomas Henry Huxley. ​Unable to let go of the idea of animal archetypes ordained by god to vary only within tight constraints, Owen ridiculed Huxley for the idea that humans evolved from apes, while Huxley defended Darwins theory by (for instance) pointing out similar substructures in human and simian brains. Owen even went so far as to imply that the French Revolution was a direct consequence of the theory of evolution, as humans abandoned the natural order of things and embraced anarchy. Darwin, as always, had the last laugh: in 2009, the London Natural History Museum, of which Owen was the first director, retired his statue in the main hall and put up one of Darwin instead! Although Owen is most famous for coining the word dinosaur, these ancient reptiles of the Mesozoic Era account for a relatively small percentage of his career output (which makes sense, since the only known dinosaurs at the time, beside Iguanodon, were Megalosaurus and Hylaeosaurus). Owen was also notable for being the first paleontologist to investigate the strange, mammal-like therapsids of southern Africa (especially the two-dog-toothed Dicynodon), and he wrote a famous paper about the recently discovered Archaeopteryx; he also actively researched more ordinary animals like birds, fish and mammals in a veritable flood of professional publications.

What role, if any, do you think that race should play in deciding who Research Paper

What role, if any, do you think that race should play in deciding who should be admitted to colleges and universities and why How important do you think diversity should be on a university campus - Research Paper Example In order for this to occur, factors including experience, income, socioeconomic status, marital status, and sexual orientation should also be considered in equal measure to race in order to effectively ensure a diversity policy and promotion. Organizations such as the NAACP actively promote better opportunities for African-American citizens in areas of politics, public service, education and human rights. This organization was established to ensure fair treatment for black citizens and works to advocate their rights in a variety of business, professional and personal environments where they might be considered at risk populations for discrimination. Why do organizations such as this exist? It is due to pre-existing stereotypes and prejudices against black citizens that still linger today that give them a disadvantage in hiring and sometimes education. The NAACP recently developed a film competition with support of the American Red Cross, Sony Pictures, and Best Buy in order to help students of different races to present their own innovative social solutions using film to exploit their diverse opinions (naacp.org, 1). The NAACP was chosen as an example so as to reinforce that there are already a large volume of advocacy groups that continue to protest to legislators and senior-level decision-makers to ensure they are given equal opportunities as other races in society. Their efforts are ongoing and continue to change the hiring and recruitment policies in business and the college environment. Because they already have such a well-known and influential backing, universities should pay less attention to race when recruiting and focus more on recruiting the most talented and motivated students regardless of their race. It is likely that groups such as the NAACP will continue to motivate legislators to add more diversity policies

Generational Diversity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Generational Diversity - Assignment Example Knowing such behavioral and social characteristics of a generation make them feel represented in the system. In my opinion, the K-12 system of educators needs to take note of generational diversity. The teaching methods and learning methods should be streamlined to fit the characteristics of the students’ generation. This will enhance better understanding and a positive attitude towards learning. Educators need to fit in into current generations so as to create bonds between them and the students. The effectiveness of online courses is a key issue in the education sector. Online courses are supposed to attain the same results as face-to-face teaching. To achieve this, some areas require high attention. The educator is required to understand what the learning outcomes should be so that they can come up with the best course design. To come up with the best learning outcomes, all learning materials should be made easily accessible to the learner. Efficient accessibility should be strategic to diversity in that materials are provided through the most appropriate means for a specific student. For example, a student aged 50 would prefer a visiting a library and studying books to read while a 21-year-old student would prefer reading a pdf through their phone. Therefore, generational diversity should be taken into consideration. Online courses should implement current technologies to ease the process of learning. For example, technologies such as Skype can be used to hold a discussion between a student and a teacher.

Nativism Essay -- essays papers

Nativism All so called "Native Americans," were once immigrants. There were two waves of immigration between the early 1800’s through the early 1900’s. The first wave of immigrants called the "old immigrants" came to America between 1890-1897. They were primarily from Northern Europe: Great Britain, Germany, and Scandinavia. The second wave of immigrants called the "new immigrants" came to America from 1897-1924. The "new immigrants" primarily came from Southern and Eastern Europe countries such as Poland, Russia, and Italy. Nativist parties, like the Know-Nothings and the Order of the Star Spangled Banner verbalized their distaste and disapproval of immigrants. Actions and regulations against immigration did not begin until near the end of the "old immigration" and the beginning of the "new immigration." Nativists had many fears and concerns regarding immigrants. These concerns included being socially ill-suited to live with the older stock Americans, stealing jobs from the nat ive work force, and bringing new, radical ideas to the country. These fears and concerns caused nativists to come up with schemes to keep immigrants out of the country. These strategies had a great impact on immigration in our country. Nativists had many concerns regarding immigrants. They feared that immigrants would take the jobs of "native Americans" because they were willing to work for very low wages. When the native work force went on strike many workers feared that many immigrants would displace them in the workplace. Another concern was that immigrants were hard to "Americanize." These people came to American with their own culture, traditions, and language; many of them didn’t even know English. Many nativists resented immigrants because they permeated the city and made it unsafe and dirty. Their slums were breeding grounds for disease and violence. Nativists regarded immigrants as an inferior class of people. One of the theories to support this dispute was eugenics. Eugenics is the study of human heredity, aimed at "improving" the genetic quality of the human stock. The eugenics movement was an effort to grade races and ethnic groups according to their genetic qualities. Eugenicists claimed that immigrants were inferior to Anglo-Saxons and were polluting the "pure" American bloodstream. The sheer number of immigrants entering the country also scared many people. A. P.. . ...ch made it so intelligent immigrants were allowed into the country. In 1921, the Emergency Immigration Act was passed. This act made it so the number of aliens of any nationality admitted to the U.S. in a year could not exceed 3 percent of the number of foreign-born residents of that nationality living in the U.S. in 1910. Even though this heavily cut down the number of immigrants entering the country, the majority of the immigrants were "new immigrants." This led to the National Origins Act in 1924. This act was harsher than the act of 1921 because it decreased the percentage of immigrants from 3% to 2%, and pushed the year from 1910 to 1890, thus making the majority of immigrants "old immigrants." It is quite ironic that these "nativists" came to America for the same reasons as the immigrants who came in the time period of 1880-1925; however, they do not accept the immigrants who came in that period, just as they had once wanted to be accepted. Emma Lazarus’ "The New Colossus", which is on the Statue of Liberty, reads "Give me you tired, your poor, Your huddled mass yearning to breathe free," but in fact, many Americans, nativists, did not want these poor, huddled mass at all.

Managerial Accounting Quiz 1 Essay

Chapters 1 and 2 10 Points 1. Complete the answer sheet below by placing an â€Å"X† under each heading that identifies the cost involved. The â€Å"Xs† can be placed under more than one heading for a single cost. (5 Points) Variable Cost Fixed Cost Direct Materials Direct Labor Manufactu ring Overhead Period Cost Materials costs X X Production line workers wages X X Production Equipment rental X X Factory Building depreciation X X Advertising costs X X 2. A partial listing of costs incurred at Rust Corporation during August appears below: Purchases of raw materials†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ $ 135,000 Direct labor†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 73,000 Factory Utilities†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11,000 Sales Commissions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 69,000 Administrative Salaries†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 101,000 Indirect Labor†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 89,000 Depreciation of Production Equipment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 18,000 Indirect Materials†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 10,000 Depreciation of Office Copy Machine†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5,000 Raw materials inventory, beginning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 97,000 Raw materials inventory, ending†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 84,000 Work in process inventory, beginning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 39,000 Work in process inventory, ending†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 52,000 Finished goods inventory, beginning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 106,000 Finished goods inventory, ending†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 71,000 a. Prepare a Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured in good form. (3 Points) Direct Materials: Beginning raw materials inventory: $97,000 Add: Purchase of raw materials 135,000 Raw materials available for use 232,000 Deduct: Ending raw materials inventory 84,000 Raw materials used in production $148,000 Direct Labor: 73,000 Manufacturing Overhead: 118,000 Total manufacturing cost: 339,000 Add: Beginning work in process inventory 39,000 378,000 Deduct: Ending work in process inventory 52,000 Cost of goods manufactured $326,000 b. Compute the Cost of Goods Sold. (2 Points) Finished goods inventory, beginning$106,000 Add: Cost of goods manufactured 326,000 Goods available for sale 432,000 Deduct: Finished goods inventory, ending 71,000 Cost of goods sold $361,000 Managerial Acctg Quiz 2 – Fall 2012 NAME__ _______________________ Chapters 3 and 4 10 Points 1. Pence Company is a manufacturing firm that uses job-order costing. The company applies overhead to jobs using a predetermined overhead rate based on machine-hours. At the beginning of the year, the company estimated that it would work 44,000 machine hours and would incur $176,000 in manufacturing overhead cost. During the year the following actual costs and hours were incurred: Job A Job B Job C Job D Direct Materials$ 135,000 $ 129,000 $ 98,000 $ 103,000 Direct Labor $ 80,000 $ 85,000 $ 63,000 $ 68,000 Machine Hours 12,000 13,000 8,000 14,000 Number of Units 50 35 60 Indirect Materials used: $ 34,000 Indirect Labor: $ 63,000 Selling Costs: $134,000 Factory Utility Costs: $ 14,000 Factory Depreciation: $114,000 Administrative Salaries $157,000 Required: (5 points) a. Compute the predetermined overhead rate 176000/44000= 4.00 b. Compute the amount of overhead applied to each job. A.12000*4= 48000 B. 13000*4= 52000 C. 8000*4= 32000 D. 14000*4= 56000 c. Assuming that Jobs A, B, and D were completed during the year, compute the total cost charged to each job and the unit cost of the product produced. A.5660 B.8543 D. 3983 d. Compute the balance in Work In Process at the end of the year. 161,000 e. Compute the amount of overhead under or overapplied. 176000-161000= 15000 f. Assuming the amount is not material, write the journal entry required to close the manufacturing overhead account at the end of the year. Work in Process 161,000 Manufacturing Overhead161,000 2. Elton Company uses the weighted-average method in its process costing system. The company adds materials at the beginning of the process in Department M. Conversion costs were 75% complete with respect to the 4,000 units in work in process at May 1 and 50% complete with respect to the 6,000 units in work in process at May 31. During May, 12,000 units were completed and transferred to the next department. An analysis of the costs relating to work in process at May 1 and to production activity for May follows: Materials Conversion Work in process 5/1 $26,200 $19,370 Costs added during May $26,900 $29,380 Required: Using the weighted-average method, determine the Equivalent Units of Production for Materials and Conversion Costs, the Cost per Equivalent Unit for Material and Conversion Cost, and the total product cost per Equivalent Unit. (5 Points) Equivalent units of production Materials Conversion Transferred to next department†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 12,000 12,000 Ending work in process (materials: 6,000 units Ãâ€" 100% complete; conversion: 6,000 units Ãâ€" 50% complete)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6,000 3,000 Equivalent units of production†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 18,000 15,000 Cost per Equivalent Unit Materials Conversion Total Cost of beginning work in process†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 26,200 19,370 Cost added during the period†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 26,900 29,380 Total cost (a)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 53,100 48,750 Equivalent units of production (b)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 18,000 15,000 Cost per equivalent unit, (a) à · (b)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2.95 3.25 Total: $6.20

Essay The Incredible Henry David Thoreau - 1081 Words

By the year 1840 the concept of Independence had been forever embedded in American tradition and American government. The value of freedom had yet to be accepted nor granted peacefully. The Revolution released America from the grasp of Britain and it would take yet another war to release the black man from the shackles of slavery. America was still in its infancy; the West was not yet settled, the South was still a confederacy and unity was just a dream. The country was torn by slavery. And some men began to question the integrity of their government. Henry David Thoreau was one such man. Henry Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts to a successful pencil manufacturer John Thoreau and a strong-willed, quick-witted mother,†¦show more content†¦Surrounded by great minds like Emerson and Nathaniel Hawthorne, Thoreau traded philosophies and refined his own continuing to write, all the while being pushed by his contemporaries to lecture and write until finally he traveled to New York. His stay would not last long. The hustle and bustle of the big city exemplified the countrys materialism and disgusted Thoreau. He promptly returned to Concord where he built a small cabin on Emersons land alongside Walden Pond. For two years he experimented with farming and writing, and studied nature. Meanwhile, the country was at war with Mexico over the rights to Texas. One night in July1846 Thoreau spent a night in the Concord jail for refusing to pay the poll tax, which helped to finance the war with Mexico. Its safe to say that Henry did a great deal of thinking that night. In the future this night would be celebrated as the most important night of his entire life. Thoreaus beliefs as a transcendentalist are well known; a striving to attain spiritual connections between God, Nature and the human Mind, but it is his personal philosophy of an interconnectedness of all things in nature including human beings that awakens him to the idea of independence. In Walking he describes how in wildness is the preservation of the world#8230;the most alive is the wildest. Meaning that humans all have a wild savage in us that pulls usShow MoreRelatedWalden By Henry David Thoreau843 Words   |  4 PagesEveryone sees the world through their own eyes. Not two people can see something in the exact same way or interpret it the same way. They can each have their own opinion about the subject. In â€Å"Walden† by Henry David Thoreau, he has a very individualistic view on nature. In â€Å"Walden†, Thoreau goes out into the woods to try and live his life deliberately. Schneider states, â€Å" In 1845, he received permission from Emerson to use a piece of land that Emerson owned on the shore of Walden Pond.† He staysRead More Comparing Metaphors in Norman Macleans, A River Runs Through It and Henry David Thoreaus, Walden1463 Words   |  6 PagesRiver Runs Through It and Henry David Thoreaus, Walden In Norman Macleans A River Runs Through It, the author recounts the story of his early life growing up in Montana. The narrative revolves around his family and the art of fly fishing. Through the novel, Maclean begins to understand the wisdom of his father, the fierce independence and downfall of his brother, and the divinity and beauty of nature. A similar theme regarding divinity in nature is found in Henry David Thoreaus Walden. BuildingRead MoreHenry David Thoreau Essay3362 Words   |  14 PagesHenry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau was a man who expressed his beliefs of society, government, and mankind while living under his own self-criticism. Thoreau believed he had many weaknesses which made him a failure. This strong disapproval of himself contrasted with his powerful words and strong actions. These contradictions led to some of Thoreaus greatest pieces of literature. Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts on July 12, 1817, in his grandmothers house. ThoreauRead MorePlatos Allegory Of The Cave Essay1537 Words   |  7 Pagesof fact, finding freedom in order to live free is the common idea in Plato with The Allegory of the Cave; Henry David Thoreau with Where I lived and What I lived for; and Jean Paul Sartre with Existentialism. Generally, Plato, Thoreau, and Sartre suggested that human life should be free. They differ in what that freedom is. Plato thinks it is found in the world of intellect, Thoreau thinks freedom is found in nature, and Sartre thinks freedom is found in subjectivity of individual. PlatoRead MoreHenry David Thoreau: The Grat Transcendentalist Essay1932 Words   |  8 PagesHenry David Thoreau along with a select group of people propelled the short movement of transcendentalism during the 1830s to the 1850s and was later brought up during the Vietnam War. Many of the transcendentalist ideas came from student who attended Harvard University during this time period. Henry David Thoreau’s individualistic anarchist views on society were developed throughout his early life and later refined in his years of solitude; these views on society and government are directly expressedRead MoreA Simple Life Is A Happy Life896 Words   |  4 Pages A Simple Life is a Happy Life In Henry David Thoreau’s â€Å"Where I Lived, and What I Lived For,† from Walden, the narrator writes about his journey to go live in the woods for two years to learn everything nature has to offer. He encourages readers to follow their own path and live a life of simplicity. Too often people believe that the more materialistic things they have, the better life they will live. EveryoneRead MoreEssay on The Influence of Ralph Waldo Emerson995 Words   |  4 PagesEmerson, but also how significant a role he played in supplying his followers with optimism and confidence in being themselves. Two American authors whose literary careers were inspired significantly by Mr. Emerson were Henry David Thoreau and Margaret Fuller. Both Thoreau and Fuller played an equally important role in the development of the transcendental movement, but their careers as writers may have taken a different path were it not for Emerson’s Influence on them. Emerson’s interaction withRead MoreThe American Scholar By Ralph Waldo Emmerson2349 Words   |  10 Pagesdeck†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Already, a sense of togetherness has been established. Everyone, whether it is the boatman, or his deckhand, has a unique and important song to sing. Separate in location, but united through their song of work, these men and women signify the incredible American belief in democracy. Every person has a unique and important voice that is part of the incredibly complex American song. Democracy, by definition, is â€Å"a government by the people† or â€Å"a form of government in which the supreme power is vestedRead MoreDavid Thoreau s Life And The Early Works Of The Poet2145 Words   |  9 Pagesdeath, his travels abroad, his study of Hinduism, and the works of the poet William Blake all have tremendous importance to the development of Transcendentalism. These ideas and his contributions to the movement would also influence most markedly Henry David Thoreau’s short life and the early works of the poet Walt Whitman. Ralph Waldo Emerson was born on May 25th, 1803, in Boston, Massachusetts to William Emerson and his wife Ruth Haskins Emerson. Emerson attended the Boston Latin School and then wentRead MoreThe Great Traversers By Ralph Waldo Emerson2868 Words   |  12 PagesThe Great Traversers (A detailed look into three transcendental ideas, as presented by Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau) In this spirit I have just discovered Emerson. For forty years I have known something about him, of course—that he was a mystical philosopher; the apostle of transcendentalism in America†¦.† (Abbot, lines 9-10). From within the text of the author of this quote, it can be seen the shear praise and gratitude held for a man by the name of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emerson